Manuscript: Faustina B. IX

Anno dccccoxlovo rex Edmundus terram Humbrorum uastauit ⁊ sibi subiugatam Malcolmo regi
Scottorum commendauit.
Anno molxxo rex Malcolmus Angliam usque Cleueland uastauit tunc cliton Edgaro que
sororibus Margarete & Christine ubi eas inuenit regem Anglie fugientes ut in Scociam irent
apud Weremundam in reditu suo pacem suam donauit ⁊ Margaretam poste\a/ sibi in matri
monium copulauit. ¶Anno moxcoio reconciliati sunt rex Willelmus Anglie & frater suus
Rodbertus ⁊ rex Willelmus Anglie occurrit cum excercitu regi Malcolmo iam Northhum
briam uastanti in prouincia Loidis quos comes Rodbertus ea condicione pacificauit
ut rex Scottorum regi Willelmo obediret & rex Willelmus regi Malcolmo xii uillas
quas sub patre suo habuerat redderet ⁊ xii marcas auri singulis annis daret
Anno mo\co/xxxoviiio rex Dauid miserabiliter uastauit Northumbriam totam rex
Stephanus in capite ieiunii cum excercitu magno ueniens Rokesburgh cum ignomi
nia statim rediit. ¶Anno mocoxxxoixo pax facta est inter duos reges instancia
regine ⁊ Northumbria data est Henrico filio regis Dauid
Anno mocolxxxovo Henricus rex Anglie comitatum de Huntedonia reddit
Willelmo regi Scottorum honorifice ⁊ plenarie sicut ipse habuit ante guerram, apud
Windelesofre. ¶Anno mocoxco Willelmus rex Scottorum dedit Ricardo regi
Anglorum x milia marcas auri ⁊ argenti propter libertates ⁊ dignitates ac
honores suos quos habuit ante guerram pro Berewic ⁊ Rokesburgh
quas Henricus rex per xvi annos uiolenter detinuit ⁊ sic Deo suffragante
eius dominationis ⁊ seruitutis iugum graue a regno Scottorum digne
⁊ honorifice submouit. ¶Anno moccoixo, Iohannes rex Anglie manda
uit Willelmo Scocie ut ei occurreret apud Nouum Castellum ⁊ obuiauerunt
aduicem1 Boyltun. Rex itaque Scottorum Willelmus processit, ⁊ rex Anglie uenit
usque ad Norham ixo kal’ Maii feria vta ⁊ tam in reditu quam in transitu hospitatus est
apud Anewic propriis expensis ⁊ habuerunt colloquium ambo reges apud
predictum castellum ⁊ infecto negocio discescerunt vio kal’ Mai.
¶Circa festum Sancti Iacobi rex Anglie ⁊ rex Scocie cum excercitibus suis adinuicem
occurrerunt ubi pacem inter eos pepigerunt. Ita tamen que rex Scottorum regi Anglorum
duas filias suas dedit maritandas cum xiii milibus librarum ⁊ cepit licen
ciam subuertendi castellum quod erectum fuit contra Berewic quod ⁊ factum est ⁊
pro pace tenenda dedit ei obsides filios proborum hominum terre sue ⁊ factum est contra uolun
¶tatem Scottorum

Notes

1 JT: Read adinuicem.
In the 945th year, King Edmund laid waste the land of the Humbrians, and having brought it under his yoke, he entrusted it to Máel Coluim, king of Scots.1
In the 1070th year, King Máel Coluim laid waste England as far as Cleveland, and at that time, when he found them at Wearmouth fleeing the king of England, upon his return, so that they might enter Scotland, he granted his peace to Edgar Ætheling and his sisters Margaret and Christina; and afterwards he joined Margaret to himself in matrimony. ¶In the 1091st year, William the king of England and his brother Robert were reconciled and William the king of England went with an army to meet King Máel Coluim, at that time laying waste Northumbria, in the province of Lothian; and Earl Robert made peace between them, on this condition, that the king of the Scots should be obedient to King William, and that King William should give back to King Máel Coluim the 12 vills which he had held under his father, and that he should give 12 marks of gold each year.
In the 1\1/38th year, King David wretchedly laid waste the whole of Northumbria. King Stephen, upon arriving at Roxburgh with a large army at the beginning of Lent, immediately turned back in humiliation. ¶In the 1139th year, peace was made between the two kings at the queen’s urging, and Northumbria was given to Henry, the son of King David.
In the 1185th year, at Windsor, Henry the king of England returned the county of Huntingdon to William the king of the Scots, with honour and in full, just as he held it before the war. ¶In the 1190th year, William the king of the Scots gave to Richard the king of the English 10 thousand marks of gold and silver for his liberties and dignities and honours which he held before the war, in return for Berwick and Roxburgh, which King Henry violently occupied for 16 years, and so, with God’s favour, removed the heavy yoke of his domination and servitude from the kingdom of the Scots, with dignity and honour.2 ¶In the 1209th year, John the king of England commanded William the king of Scotland to meet him at Newcastle, and they met each other at Bolton. And so William the king of the Scots went forth; and the king of England came as far as Norham on Thursday 23 April, and was entertained both on the way there and on the way back at Alnwick at his own expense. And the two kings held conference at the aforesaid castle, but they broke off on 26 April, their negotiations having come to nothing.
¶Around the feast of St James,3 the king of England and the king of Scotland faced each other with their armies, and there they concluded a peace between them.4 And so the king of the Scots gave the king of the English his two daughters to be married, with 13 thousand pounds;5 and he received licence to destroy the castle which had been built opposite Berwick,6 and this was done; and for the maintenance of peace, he gave him as hostages the sons of the worthy men of his land, and this was done against the wi¶shes of the Scots.

Notes

1 JRD: The ‘land of the Humbrians’ is an error for the ‘land of the Cumbrians’. See Anglo-Saxon Chronicle version A, s.a. 945: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 173, f. 27v (see manuscript here: https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/catalog/wp146tq7625 [accessed 16 May 2023]).
2 JRD: This payment was consequent on the ‘Treaty of Canterbury’, 5 December 1189: see E.L.G. Stones (ed), Anglo-Scottish Relations, 1174–1328 (London, 1970), pp. 6–8.
3 JRD: I.e., 25 July.
4 JRD: This is the Treaty of Norham, 7 August 1209.
5 JRD: Margaret (1187×95–1259) and Isabella (d. after 1259). Nothing came of this arrangement immediately; but Margaret was eventually married to Hubert de Burgh (d. 1243) in 1221, and Isabella to Roger Bigod, fourth earl of Norfolk (c. 1212–70) in 1225, Roger being under the wardship of King Alexander II (Isabella’s brother) from 1226 until he came of age in 1233.
6 JRD: A fort at Tweedmouth, being built by the English at that time.