Manuscript: Faustina B. IX

Qualiter capta est Damieta, anno gracie moccoxixo

L’ tituli Sancte Crucis in Ierusalem reuerendo cardinali, H’ humilis magister domus Teutonicorum in Ierusalem
salutem. Sinceritatis uestre nouerit dignatio quod omnipotens Dominus excercitui Christiano diu fatigato clementer misertus
Damietam ciuitatem sine inflictu uulnerum aut pugna mirabiliter per pietatis sue gratiam exulibus suis
tradidit ita ut nullius meritis, sed sue solummodo laudi possit uel debeat attribui. Sic autem noueritis
ipsius Dei misericordiam euidenter pro nobis in illa ciuitate operatam. Tanta siquidem mortalitas hominum in ea
emersit ut nec morientes tradere sepulture sufficerent. Superstites enim uite infirmitatis molestia
graui laborabant ita quod cum ipsam ciuitatem primo transiremus plus quam tria milia mortuorum inuenimus in
ea more canum in plateis iacere. Homines siquidem nostri circa medie noctis silentium consilio ut
credimus quorundam de ciuitate intromissi fuerunt, ⁊ legatus missis nunciis suis turres ⁊ homines
perfide gentis captiuauit quamplurimos. Alii multi ascendentes fortiores turres aurora lucente
in eis presto labantur. Exorta siquidem luce nonarum Nouembrium, omnes se captiuos Sara
ceni Damietam dederunt, ⁊ ciuitatem totaliter in potestatem Christianorum quamuis inuiti tradiderunt.
In primo uero motu captionis ciuitatis multi nequam homines accurrentes infinitam pecuniam fur
tiue subtraxerunt. Domini autem exercitus uidentes que facta fuerunt per Deum coadunati communi consi
lio omnen pecuniam auri ⁊ argenti communiter congregare decreuerunt, ⁊ omnes qui aliquam partem
inde subtraxerant dominus legatus uinculo excommunicationis innodauit, nisi resipiscerent restituendo.
Summam uero pecunie uobis scribere ignoramus quia non dum pecunia congregata fuit quando presens
pagina scripta fuit. Sed sicut captiui Saraceni nobis dicunt ⁊ ipsi uidimus inestimabilis the
saurus in ea inuentus est qui secundum arbitrium communitatis excercitus distribui debet. Timemus autem quod amor
pecunie multos faciet fures permanere. Sciatis autem quod ante captionem Damiete illi de ciui
tate nunciauerunt quod uiribus adnichilati ulterius ciuitatem retinere non potuerunt. Soldanus
autem ut amicus Damiete condoluit ⁊ eis succurrere uolens plures suorum periculo exposuit. Quingentos
enim uiros de excercitu suo meliores elegit ⁊ duobus diebus ante captionem ciuitatis Dami
te1 intrare ipsam ciuitatem misit. Qui uenientes de excercitu Soldani excercitum nostrum apud ma
chinam Sancti Iohannis que trebucheta dicitur intrare uolebant. Sed diuina gratia eos errare copulit.2
Ducenti quidem apud descensum regis Ierosolumitani fugatis custodibus fossati qui uigiliis prefuerant
ubi intrarent ⁊ gladiis ⁊ cultellis ferientes uiam ad ciuitatem preparare sibi armata manu
nitebantur. Dominus siquidem rex cum suis in sabulo illa nocte manebat. Diuina itaque
gratia strepitu inualescente uulgus commune peregrinorum accurrens cxl eorum occidit, ⁊ xl captiuauit,
cxxx abdicati ciuitatem intrauerunt. Nam sociis eorum interfectis ipsi tercia die captiuati
in ciuitate miseri semper manebunt compediti. Ceteri uero qui captiuitatem & gladium euaserant
reuersi ad Soldanum que acta fuerunt narrabant. Prima igitur die cum capta fuit ciuitas
Dami\e/te, sequenti nocte Soldani excercitus castra remouens de loco suo Nilum ascendit,
ubi maneant uel quid intendant adhuc ignoramus. Preterea latere uos nolumus quod ante
captionem Damiete nuncii Soldani nobiscum colloquium habuerunt, & omnem terram
sanctam nobis reddere uoluerunt preter duo castra, Crac & Muntreal, de quibus etiam prouentus
annuatim \Christianis/ reddere uoluerint, quam diu pax duraret. Insuper omnes captiuos Christanos3

Notes

1 JRD: Read Damiete.
2 JRD: Read compulit.
3 JRD: Text breaks off mid sentence.
How Damietta was captured in the 1219th year of grace

To Leo, reverend cardinal of the titular-church of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme,1 from H[ermann], the humble master of the house of the Teutonic Order in Jerusalem,2 greeting. Let the Honour of Your Sincerity know that the Lord Almighty, being mercifully compassionate to the long-wearied Christian army, has wonderfully delivered the city of Damietta without a wound or blow being struck, by the grace of his goodness to his exiles,3 so that it could not and ought not to be attributed to anyone’s merits, but only to his own praise. And thus you should know that the mercy of God himself manifestly worked for us in that city; since indeed such a great human pestilence broke out within it that there were not even enough people to carry those who died to their grave. Those who remained alive were afflicted with a serious assault of weakness, so that when we first passed through the city, we found more than three thousand dead in it, lying in the streets like dogs. Our men were admitted around the silent-hour of midnight by a scheme (so we think) of certain people from the city, and the legate, having sent his messengers, took captive as many of the towers and men of the perfidious race as possible. Many others were slipping away, climbing the stronger towers as the light of dawn was about to break upon them; and at daybreak on 5 November, all the Saracens in Damietta gave themselves up as captives, and they handed over the city, however unwillingly, entirely into the power of the Christians. At the beginning of the commotion of the city’s capture, many good-for-nothing men hastened there, and removed by stealth an immense amount of money. But the commanders of the army, seeing what had been done by God, decided by the common consent of their colleagues, to collect together all the gold and silver money. And the lord legate bound everyone who had carried off any portion of it with the fetter of excommunication, unless they repented by restoring it. The total amount of the money, I have no knowledge of to write to you, since when the present letter was written the money had not yet been collected. But as the captive Saracens tell us, and we ourselves have seen, an inestimable hoard has been discovered there, which according to the general will of the army ought to be distributed. But we fear that the love of money will cause many to continue as thieves. But you should know that before the capture of Damietta, those in the city announced that, with their strength reduced to nought, they were no longer able to sustain the city. The Sultan, however, as a friend of Damietta, sympathised, and in wishing to help them, exposed many of his own men to danger. For two days before the capture of the city of Damietta, he sent five hundred of his finest men from his army to enter the city. When the men from the Sultan’s army turned up, they planned to force a way through our army near St John’s siege-engine which is called the Trebuchet. But divine favour drove them in the wrong direction. Indeed, at the descent of the king of Jerusalem, two hundred of those who had been charged with keeping watch of the moat where they might enter having fled their posts, striking with swords and knives, they were endeavouring to prepare the way into the city for themselves with armed hands. For the lord king with his [soldiers] was staying on the sand that night. And so, by divine grace, the clamour growing louder, the general troop of crusaders running towards [the scene], 140 of them were slain, 40 were captured, and 130 entered the city. And so, their companions being killed, they were captured on the third day in the wretched city, and they will remain there shackled forever. The rest, who had avoided captivity and the sword, went back to the Sultan and reported what had been done. In these circumstances, once the city of Damietta had been captured on the first day, the following night the Sultan’s army withdrew its military encampment from its position and went up the Nile. Where they are staying or what they mean to do, so far, we do not know. In addition, we do not want it to be concealed from you that, before the capture of Damietta, messengers of the Sultan held a meeting with us, and they wished to give back all the Holy Land to us, except for two castles, Krak and Montréal,4 for which they also wished to render an income annually to \the Christians/for as long as peace should endure. Moreover, all the Christian captives […]

Notes

1 JRD: A minor basilica, and one of the seven pilgrimage churches of Rome.
2 JRD: Hermann of Salza (Grand Master, 1209–1239).
3 JRD: On the idea of crusade as exile for God, see William J. Purkis, Crusading Spirituality in the Holy Land and Iberia, c. 1095 – c.1187 (Woodbridge, 2008), esp. p. 40.
4 JRD: See Harry W. Hazard (ed.), A History of the Crusades: vol. IV The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States, gen. ed. Kenneth M. Setton (Madison, 1977), p. 149.